The Animal Biology

THE CONTENT OF FATTY ACIDS IN THE BODIES OF CYPRINUS CARPIO L. IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF LIFE

S. V. Sysolyatin

sergiy_sv@ukr.net

National university of life and environmental sciences of Ukraine,
15 Heroyiv Oborony str., Kyiv 03041, Ukraine

An important role in the processes of adaptation of living organisms to extreme conditions of the environment belongs to fatty acids (FA). By the method of gas chromatography with a flame-ionization detector we have examined the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, gills and brain of Cyprinus carpio L. for normobiosis and artificial hibernation (at 6^th and 24^th hour of exposure). The organ specificity is indicated by the quantitative content of fatty acids of common lipids in the carp organism. For normobiosis, the lipids of the carp brain, unlike other organs, are characterized by higher levels of saturated FA (42.4 %) and by lower level of unsaturated FA (57.6 %) due to the high level of monoenic unsaturated FA (39.3 %) and low polyenic unsaturated FA (18.3 %).

It is established that the influence of the hypoxia-hypercapnic environment on hypothermia (artificial hibernation) causes changes in the amount of fatty acids of the total lipids of carp organs. In particular, there is a decrease in the content of saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic and stearic, which is probably associated with energy and adaptation processes. The content of unsaturated fatty acids of lipids in the investigated organs increases mainly by polyene, in particular, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic. At the same time the level of saturation of fatty acids decreases. The growth of the content of mono unsaturated fatty acids is significant only in the carp liver.

It was found that the growth of the fatty acids content of the ω-3, ω-9 and, especially, ω-6 families, which leads to changes in the ratios of these acids, is modified in the carp organs under the artificial hibernation. The index of lipid metabolism intensity (the ratio of palmitic acid to oleic content (C_16:0/C_18:1ω9)) the most commonly is reduced in liver and gills — in average 54 % for 24-hour hibernation exposure.

A specific reconstruction of the quantitative composition of fatty acids in the lipids of the liver, the gills and the brain of the carp detected under the artificial hibernation may have a compensatory character, which is aimed at supporting their functional activity under other conditions of life.

Keywords: LIVER, GILLS, BRAIN, FATTY ACIDS, CARPS, NORMOBIOSIS, ARTIFICIAL HIBERNATION

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