Bìol. Tvarin. 2020; 22(1): 46–49.
https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.01.046
Received 21.02.2020 ▪ Accepted 18.03.2020 ▪ Published online 01.05.2020

Natural defense mechanisms in carp infected by bacterial aeromonosis and after treatment with the synbiotic drug “Enteronormin”

Kh. Ya. Solopova
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Institute of Animal Biology NAAS,
38 V. Stus str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine

Aeromonosis of carp fish is one of the most common diseases of pond fish, which causes significant loss for fisheries: fish mortality is from 10 to 90 %. For fish treatment antibacterial drugs such as nitrofuran, antibiotics, feed antibiotics, as well as dyes are used. Despite the significant benefits of using antibiotics, it is now believed that overuse of any antibiotic substance over a period of time can lead to a local population of bacteria resistant to them. Therefore, probiotics have several advantages over existing vitamin and antibiotic drugs: they are technological in animal use; low toxic; cheap; simple and environmentally friendly production; high economic efficiency of application. Here are the results of studies of the influence of the synbiotic drug “Enteronormin” with iodine and selenium on the indices of nonspecific resistance to the organism of carp affected by bacterial aeromonosis. The research was conducted under the conditions of aquariums at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS. The control group, which consisted of clinically healthy fish, received only 3 % starch suspension, the 1st experimental group (E1) — aeromonosis affected carps who were given only 3 % starch suspension, the 2nd experimental group (E2), which consisted of carps affected aeromonosis, through the probe within 7 days was administered the drug “Enteronormin” at the rate of 2 mg per 1 kg of fish weight in the composition of 3 % starch suspension. Before feeding for the carp drug was activated for 14–16 hours water enriched with Iodine and Selenium ions in the Iodis + Se form (TU U 15.7-30631018-011:2011). Studies have shown that a disease associated with the bacterial form of aeromonosis has an immunosuppressive effect on the body’s natural resistance. In particular, there was a decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and lysozyme activity of the blood serum against the background of an increase in the content of circulating immune complexes and phagocytic index. The rehabilitative effect of the enteronormin synbiotic drug on the investigated indices of cellular and humoral setions of nonspecific resistance of fish organisms affected by bacterial aeromonosis was ascertained.

Key words: fish, carp, aeromonosis, synbiotics, “Enteronormin”, circulating immune complex, lysocimic activity, phagocytal activity, neutrophil phagocytic index, phagocytic neutrophil count

  1. Davydov ON, Abramov AV, Kurovskaja LJ. Biological preparations and chemicals in aquaculture. Kyiv, Logos. 2009: 21–39. (in Russian)
  2. Gryga NP, Bohdan VP. Exediensу and necessity of using of probiotic for animals. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives, 2017; 18(1): 310–313. Available at: http://www.scivp.lviv.ua/images/files/Naukovo_tekhnichnyy_byuleten/2017_18_1/53.pdf (in Ukrainian)
  3. Hai NV. The use of probiotics in aquaculture. Journal of applied microbiology. 2015; 119(4): 917–935. DOI: 10.1111/jam.12886.
  4. Jakobisjak M. Immunology. Vinnytsya, Nova Knyga, 2004: 672 p. (in Ukrainian)
  5. Kotsiumbas IY, Gunchak VM, Stetsko TI. The problem of using antimicrobials to promote growth of productive animals and alternatives their using. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives, 2013; 14(3–4): 381–389. Available at: http://www.scivp.lviv.ua/images/files/Naukovo_tekhnichnyy_byuleten/NTB_2013_14_3_4/71.pdf (in Ukrainian)
  6. Lie Ø, Evensen Ø, Sørensen A, Frøysadal E. Study on lysozyme activity in some fish species. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 1989; 6: 1–5. DOI: 10.3354/dao006001.
  7. Mikryakov VR. Fish immune system response to water contamination by toxicants and acidification of the environment. Moscow, Nauka. 2001: 126 p. (in Russian)
  8. Official Journal of the European Union L276/33, 2010. Directive 2010/63/EU of The European Parliament and of The Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. 86/609/EC. 20.10.2010.
  9. Pandiyan P, Balaraman D, Thirunavukkarasu R, George EGJ, Subaramaniyan K, Manikkam S, Sadayappan B. Probiotics in aquaculture. Drug Invention Today. 2013; 5(1): 55–59. DOI: 10.1016/j.dit.2013.03.003.
  10. Pérez-Sánchez T, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, de Blas I, Balcázar JL. Probiotics in aquaculture: a current assessment. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2014; 6(3): 133–146. DOI: 10.1111/raq.12033.
  11. Roberts RJ. Fish Pathology. 4th ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 2012: 590 p. DOI: 10.1002/9781118222942.
  12. Saurabh S., Sahoo PK. Lysozyme: an important defense molecule of fish innate immune system. Aquaculture research. 2008; 39(3): 223–239. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01883.x.
  13. Vishchur OI, Kychun IV, Leshovska NM, Mamchuk NA, Yamroz VY, Matlakh IY, Rokita IM. Natural resistance of some fish species. Scientific and technical bulletin of Institute of animal biology and State scientific research control institute of veterinary medical products and fodder additives. 2008; 9(3): 343–347. (in Ukrainian)
  14. Vlizlo VV, Fedoruk RS, Ratych IB. Laboratory Methods of Investigation in Biology, Stockbreeding and Veterinary Medicine: a reference book. Lviv, 2012: 764 p. (in Ukrainian
  15. Vovk NI, Bozhik VJ. Ichthyopathology. Kyiv, Agrarna osvita. 2014: 308 p. (in Ukrainian)
 

Search