The Animal Biology

POLYMORPHISM OF NUCLEUS ORGANIZER REGIONS IN CHROMOSOMES OF RIVER BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS L.)

V. V. Dzitsiuk¹, H. T. Tіpіlo¹, Yu.V.Huzeyev²

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¹Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS,
1 Pogrebnjaka str., Chubynske village, Boryspil district, Kyiv region, 08321, Ukraine

²“Golosiyevo” Ltd.,
Gogoliv village, Brovarskyi district, Kyiv region, 07452, Ukraine

In the article the results of researches of “number of nucleolus organizer regions (NOR) in the chromosomes” in river buffalos (Bubalus of bubalis L) are expounded. In NOR of the chromosomes there is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associated with argentophilic nucleus proteins, which provide protein synthesis in somatic cells and affect the processes of growth and development of the organism of animals and humans. The intensity of dyeing areas of nucleolar organizers reflects the potentialities of the functional state of cells in farm animals. The number, size and chromosomal localization of silver-colored areas of the organizers of the nucleolus are species-specific features.

NORs have been studied on preparations of chromosomes, which were prepared according to the standard method of peripheral blood lymphocytes of 10 adult animals kept on the farm of the “Svyato-Pokrovska Holosiyivska Pustyn” monastery — Golosiyevo Ltd. (Gogoliv village, Brovarsky district, Kyiv region). Coloring of chromosomal preparations in order to detect areas of nucleolar organizers was carried out in 50 % solution of silver nitrate according to the recommendations of the Committee for Standardized Karyotype of Bubalus bubalis, 1994. The NORs were detected on the telomere of the corresponding chromosomes as dark spots.

As a result of the research, active regions of the nucleolar organizers in six chromosomes of the karyotype of the investigated buffaloes — 3, 4, 6, 21, 23, 24 — were established. The individual variability of the animals was determined by the number of NORs: in the metaphase plates it was found from 1 to 12 per cell, with an average number 2.82 in 207 cells. The largest part is the proportion of metaphase plates with two NORs (93 out of 208), more than half the proportion of metaphases with three NORs, 12 % with one and four NORs. It has been shown that the Ag-method of dyeing can be successfully applied in animal cytogenetic studies as a method for evaluating the functioning of rRNA genes and metabolic activity of an organism, for the rapid identification of chromosomal aberrations, in particular translocations involving chromosomes with NO-regions. It is promising to study the NOR polymorphism in farm animals at the molecular level and to compare it with the indicators of their productivity.

Keywords: RIVER BUFFALO, CHROMOSOME, CARIOTYPE, Ag-METHOD, NUCLEAR ORGANIZER REGIONS OF CHROMOSOME, PRIVATEITY

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