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Bìol. Tvarin, 2013, volume 15, issue 3, pp. 120–124

SOME INDICATORS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM IN BLOOD OF COWS UNDER KETOSIS

M. R. Simonov, V. V. Vlizlo

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Institute of animal biology NAAS,
38 V. Stus str., Lviv 79034, Ukraine

During the first weeks of post-partum period in high-yield dairy cows is observed negative energy balance caused by discordance between inadequate diet energy supply and high consumption of glucose for metabolic processes and milk production. In order to compensate it animals use own reserves by means of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Results, which characterize the level of protein catabolism in ketotic cows are presented in the paper. The study was performed on ten cows (5 clinically healthy, with negative results of test for ketone bodies in urine and 5 with positive ketone tests) of Ukrainian black and white dairy breed at age from 2 to 5 years, with productivity above 5500 kg of milk for previous lactation. Blood samples were taken in March, two or three weeks after calving. Blood was withdrawn from jugular vein before morning feeding. Conducted research has shown that under hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemia an increased activity of compensatory mechanisms in organism of high-yielding cows is registered. Particularly, significant (р<0.001) increase of plasma cortisol level is revealed. This allows to increase amino acid release from muscle proteins (proteolysis) and to provide necessary starting compounds for gluconeogenesis. As a result, an significant increase of 3-methylhistidine (by 78.9 %; р<0.001) and creatinine (by 26.8 %; р<0.01) is registered in blood of cows with ketosis in comparison with healthy animals. Herewith the ratio between creatinine and 3-methylhistidine rose almost 4-fold from 5.5 to 19.1. Considering obtained results, and that 3-methylhistidine after entering circulation does not undergo further metabolism and is excreted via urine, it might be suggested that the plasma content of 3-methylhistidine in dairy cows is an informative indicator of destructive changes of contractile proteins, and that determination of ratio creatinine/3-methylhistidine gives an information about relative rate of catabolism in muscle tissue.

Keywords: COWS, KETOSIS, CORTISOL, 3-METHYLHISTIDINE, CREATININE, AMINO ACIDS, GLUCOSE, INSULIN, PROTEIN METABOLISM, CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

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