BIOMORFOLOGY OF KNEE JOINT MUSCLES OF SOME HERONS’ MEMBERS — FAMILIA ARDEIDAE
V.P.Nikitov
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National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
Heroiv Oborony st.,15, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
This article describes the results of comparative-anatomical research of knee joint’s muscles system, which were carried out on the Heron’s members — Ore Heron (Ardea purpurea), Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta).Using macroscopically preparation it was set that knee joint is affected by such muscles as: cranial iliac tibial, lateral iliac tibial, femoral-tibial average, circumflex muscle, iliac fibula, lateral flexor tibia, medial flexor tibia, internal femoral-tibial, external femoral-tibial, pubic-sciatic-femoral muscle. It should be noted, that there are only grey heron and small white heron that have external femoral-tibial muscle. Results of the research show, that degree of differentiation of knee joint muscles is caused by a gradient type of bipedal locomotion and biomorphological features of static and pelvic limb adaptation to both flying and moving on a solid substrate, it affects the degree of development of each muscle and muscles group. It was determined, that majority of investigated muscles has longitudinal fibers fibrous structure, while in distal part both ilio-peroneal and femoral-tibial are bipennate muscles. During the weighing it was set, that the degree of development of both ore heron and grey heron extensor muscle is 1.03 times greater than flexor muscle. And, on the contrary, a small white heron has knee joint flexor muscles 1.38 times more developed, than extensor muscles. What about of development of every herons’ single muscle, that we explored femoral-tibial average is the most developed and circumflex muscle is the worst developed among extensor muscles. Among flexor muscles the best developed is ilio-peroneal and the worst developed are internal femoral-tibial (ore heron) and external femoral — tibial (both grey and small white herons) muscles.
Keywords: BIRDS, BIOMORFOLOGY, MUSCLES, KNEE JOINT, ORE HERON, GREY HERON, SMALL WHITE HERON
