Bìol. Tvarin, 2016, Volume 18, Issue 3, pp. 97–106
http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/animbiol18.03.097
GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF FEMALE RATS AND THEIR OFFSPRING VIABILITY AT THE CONDITIONS OF THE WATERING OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF CITRATE GERMANIUM
R. S. Fedoruk1, M. I. Khrabko1, M. M. Tsap1, O. E. Martsynko2
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
1 Institute of Animal Biology NAAS,
Laboratory of ecological physiology and quality of productions,
38 Vasyl Stus str., Lviv 79034, Ukraine
2I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University,
Department of General chemistry and polymers,
2 Dvoryanska str., Odessa 65082, Ukraine
The article presents the results of studies of the effect of citrate germanium obtained using nanotechnology and method of chemical synthesis on growth, development and reproductive function of the body of female rats and their offspring viability.
The results of studies suggest watering citrate stimulating effect on the dynamics of germanium body weight and fertility of female rats treated with 20 mg and 200 mg of Ge NGeC. The stimulating effect increased their predetermined multiple pregnancy and milk production, with the increase of number of young rats per group and per one female, their average mass and nestle weight, as well as postnatal growth and survival within two months of life.
It was established that watering of female rats offspring with germanium citrate in amounts of 10 (II), 20 (III), 200 (IV and V) and 2000 g Ge/kg of body weight (VI group) increases the number of newborn rats in II, III, IV and VI groups and their survival at the age of 60 days — only in II, III and IV group compared to the control (I) group. The mass of the heart in females in II, III, IV and VI research groups did not significantly differ from this index in the control group, but the ratio of its mass increased in these groups of animals. In the females of V group the mass of the heart and its weight ratio were lower than their values in control. The absolute mass and weight ratios of the spleen, kidney and liver in females of experimental groups were lower compared to control, but these parameters were less noticeable in animals of II group treated with 10 mg Ge/kg of body weight. The weight ratio of the lungs and weight were the lowest in females of V and VI groups.
It is noted that watering citrate germanium produced by nanotechnology increases dose-dependently multiple pregnancies and milk production in female rats, but finds feedback of dose strength with the number of newborn rats and the offspring survival to 60 days, and also with body weight of rats in sucking period. Higher rates of intensity of growth in young rats by weight of the body in the first 20 days after birth was established in the II (10) and III (20 mg Ge/kg of body weight) groups. Watering germanium citrate to offspring of female rats for two months resulted in a probable increase in liver weight in young rats in II, and heart — in III and VI groups.
Keywords: FEMALE RATS, FERTILITY, CITRATE GERMANY, MASS YOUNG RATS, WEIGHT COEFFICIENTS, SURVIVAL, VIABILITY
1. Kudrin A. V., Skalny A. V., Larks A. A., Rocky M. G., Gromova O. A. Germanium and immune response. In: Immunopharmacology microelements. KMC Publ., Moscow, 2000, 386 p. (in Russian)
2. Lukevics E. J., Gard T. K., Ignatovich L. M., Mironov V. F. The biological activity of compounds of germanium. Riga, Zinatne, 1990, 191 p. (in Russian)
3. Lukyanchuk V. D., Nemyatyh O. D. Influence of coordination compounds of germanium with nicotinic acid on the activity of enzymes of energy obmela under extreme oxygen-deficient state. Ukrainian Journal of Medicine ekstremalna G. O. Mozhaeva, 2003, no. 1, pp. 62–66. (in Ukrainian)
4. Dolaychuk O. P., Fedoruk R. S., Kovalchuk I. I., Kropyvka S. Y. Physiological and biochemical processes in the organisms of rats when feeding them with different amounts of germanium citrate. The Animal Biology, 2015, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 50–56. (in Ukrainian)
5. Dolaychuk O. P., Fedoruk R. S., Kropyvka S. Y. Physiological reactivity and antioxidant defense system of the animal organism induced by Germanium, Chromium, and Selenium “nanoaquacitrates”.
Agric Sci. Pract., 2015, vol. 2 (2), pp. 50–55. (in Ukrainian)
https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp2.02.0506. Sawai K., Kurono M., Awaaya J. Composition containing Organogermanium compound and immunity — adjusting agent composition. Pat. (5 340 806 (K1. 514184) USA; 23) Aug. 1994.
7. Lu M. S. Anti-cancer effect of tonic traditional Chinese medicine and organic germanium. Trace Elements Science, 1998, vol. 5, pp. 57–59.
9. Flyd O. D., Gard T. K., Vernadsky A., Mironov V. F. Connections of pentako-ordynyrovanny Germanium. I. Hermotsyny, hermolany and hermokan. ZHOH, 2008, pp. 2745–2750. (in Russian)
10. Sahanda I. V. Preparations germanium and their use in medicine. Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal, 2014, no. 4 (84), pp. 83–86. (in Ukrainian)
11. Jeyaraman V., Sellappa S. In vitro anticancer activity of organic germanium on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2011, vol. 5 (1), pp. 39–41.
12. Kaplan B. J., Parish W. W., Andrus G. M., Simpson J. S. A., Field C. J. Germane facts about germanium sesquioxide: I. Chemistry and anticancer properties.
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2004, vol. 10 (2), pp. 337–344.
https://doi.org/10.1089/10755530432306232913. Godovan V. V., Kresyun V. I., Seifullin I. J., Voloshenko B. A. New biologically active substances on the basis of germanium. Clinical pharmacy, 2000, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 66–67. (in Ukrainian)
14. Kresyun V. I., Shemonayeva K. F., Vidavska A. G. Pharmacological characterization of compounds of germanium. Clinical Pharmacy, 2004, no. 4, pp. 65–68. (in Ukrainian)
15. Skalny A. V., Rudakov I. A. Bioelements in medicine. Onyx 21 Publ., World, 2004, 272 p. (in Russian)
16. Lukjanchuk V. D., Polishchuk Y. M., Seifullina I. J., Rysukhina N. V., Martsynko O. E., Chebanenko O. A. Comparative study of pharmacological activity of the coordination compounds bis(citrate)germanates and stannates on the model of closed cranio-cerebral injury. Pharmacology and medical toxicology, 2014, no. 2 (38), pp. 36-43. (in Ukrainian)
17. Ukraine patent for utility model number 38391. IPC (2006): C07C 51/41, C07F 5/00, C07F 15/00, C07C 53/126 (2008.01), C07C 53/10 (2008.01), A23L 1/00, B82B 3/00. Method metal carboxylates “Nanotechnology receiving metal carboxylates”. Kosinov M. V., Kaplunenko V. G. Publish. 12.01.2009, Bull. no. 1. (in Ukrainian)
18. Kovalenko L. V. Evaluation of the stimulating effect of nanoaquachelates of germanium on the natural resistance of animals. Science bulletin NUBiP of Ukraine, Veterinary medicine series, quality and safety of animal products, 2012, 172 (1), 203–209. (in Ukrainian)
19. Vlizlo V. V., Fedoruk R. S., Ratych I. B. Laboratory methods of investigation in biology, stock-breeding and veterinary. Reference book, Ed. V. V. Vlizlo. Lviv, Spolom, 2012, 764 p. (in Ukrainian)
download full text in PDF
