The Animal Biology

FEATURES OF KARYOTYPE DESCENDANTS OF WILD HORSE — TARPAN OF YAVORIV NATIONAL NATURAL PARK, A COMPONENT OF “ROZTOCHCHYA” INTERNATIONAL BIOSPHERE RESERVATION UNDER UNESCO AEGIS

L. F. Starodub¹, V. V. Kaplinskiy², M. V. Bilyak³

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¹Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS,
1 Pogrebnyak str., Chubinske village, Boryspil district, Kyiv region, 08321, Ukraine

²Institute of Agriculture Carpahian region NAAS,
5 Hrushevskoho str., Obroshyno village, Lviv region., 81115, Ukraine

³Yavorivsky National Natural Park,
23 Zelena str., Ivano-Frankove, Lviv region, 81070, Ukraine

In the article the retrospective analysis of literary data is given in relation to the origin of descendants of wild horse — a tarpan (horse Polish) on territory of Forecarpathian but results of research of changeability of karyotype of these zoons. As, a main idea and appeal of FAO (International food organization) is a necessity of guard of all biological variety of stock-raising of our planet organized through adjusting of regional and national genetic resources of zoons (GRZ).Actual is a problem of forming of transfrontal biosphere UNESCO reservations. The first reservation of new type in Ukraine was become by international Ukrainian-Polish biosphere reservation of UNESCO “Roztochchya”. In Yavoriv National Natural Park (part of International biosphere reservation of “Roztochchya”) the descendants of wild horses or tarpans which are listed in the Red book live successfully. Therefore the lead through of this work has practical as well as theoretical value. The wild horse or tarpan (horse Polish) karyotype analysis showed an increasing of level of quantitative violations of chromosomes (aneuploidy), compared with the spontaneous chromosomal variability level. Reason of origin of this changeability can be breeding processes. Absence of chromosomal aberration (chromosomal and chromatid breaks) testifies to stability of karyotype of the probed zoons and specifies in the presence of unique genetically determined to the mechanism of high reparation and adaptive firmness to the unfavorable factors of environment. Cytogenetical parameters of somatic cages ‰ (micronucleus, dinuclear cages, mitotical index) were within the limits of spontaneous mutagenesis and did not exceed specific features.

Keywords: POLISH HORSE, YAVORIV NATIONAL NATURAL PARK, ANEUPLOIDY, CYTOGENETIC CONTROL, CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATION

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