BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN HORSES INVOLVED IN EVENTING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE
A. Andriichuk1, H. Tkachenko2, N. Kurhaluk2, I. Tkachova1, M. Vartovnyk3
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1Institute of Animal Breeding of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
7Gvardeyskoi Armii str. 3, p.d. Kulynychi, Kharkiv Region, Kharkiv District, 62404, Ukraine
2Institute of Biology and Environmental Protection, Pomeranian University,
Arciszewski Str., 22b, Slupsk 76-200, Poland
3Junior SportsSchool ofEquestrian«Burevisnyk»,
Stryiska str., 119, 79031 Lviv, Ukraine, 79031
A physical exercise in athletic horses induces a series of normal physiological and biochemical adaptations. Eventing is a rigorous exercise challenge, similar to the human triathlon that tests the physical ability and skill of both horse and rider during three separate phases. In dressage, a standard set of movements is performed and awarded a subjective score. Cross-country jumping requires horses to jump over 35 to 40 obstacles covering 5 to 7 km of terrain within a limited time. For stadium jumping horses are jumped over 10 to 12 obstacles arranged in a course set in an enclosed arena. The aim of the current study was to determine the level of oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, carbonyl derivate of oxidatively modified protein), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as lactate and pyruvate concentrations in sport horses involved in eventing before and after exercise. Our results suggest that exercise cause different consequences on oxidative stress biomarkers in the blood, plasma, and erythrocytes of horses. Exercise lead to significant increase TBARS level in the blood, while in erythrocytes and plasma does not.The significant increase of TBARS level in the blood is a result of exercise-induced oxidative stress. This difference in TBARS level between rest and training periods most likely is a consequence of differing levels of oxidative stress occurring in the tissues and the blood. Significant decreases in the aldehyde derivatives of protein oxidation in the plasma after the training was noted. Exercises can induce the activity of the proteasome complex, which is significantly involved in the degradation of oxidatively modified proteins. Thus, in our study, decrease of carbonyl derivatives in the plasma after the exercise is a result of exercise-induced adaptation. We found a significant decrease aminotransferases activity after training indicating about the high level of athletic horses’ performance. The preventive effect of regular training of eventing horses leads to adaptation to prolonged exercises, which accompanied by decrease of oxidative damage of protein in the plasma and increases resistance to oxidative stress. Significant increase of lactate concentration after the exercise indicates about the level of anaerobic glycolysis contribution to the total energy supply of muscle activity in horses involved in eventing.
Keywords: EVENTING, OXIDATIVESTRESS, AMINOTRANSFERASES, LACTATE, PYRUVATE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SYSTEMATICTRAINING
