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EFFECT OF SODIUM DECYL SULFATE AND CHLORPROMAZINE ON POSTHYPERTONIC SHOCK OF MAMMALIAN RED BLOOD CELLS

O. O. Chabanenko, N. A. Yershova, N. V. Orlova, N. M. Shpakova

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Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine NAS of Ukraine,
23 Pereyaslavska str., Kharkiv 61016, Ukraine

The effect of sodium decyl sulfate and chlorpromazine on the sensitivity of rat and rabbit red blood cells to post-hypertonic shock has been studied in this research. Post-hypertonic shock has a stressful impact on cells when they are transferred from hypertonic (dehydration medium) into a physiological solution (rehydration medium). The use of post-hypertonic shock of red blood cells allows the investigation of the influence of cryopreservation factors, acting at the stage of cell thawing as well as when transferring into the bloodstream of red blood cells cryopreserved under the protection of penetrating cryoprotective agent. It has been shown that at 0 °C the level of post-hypertonic lysis of rat and rabbit red blood cells does not differ and is 60 %, at the same time at 37 °C, rabbit red blood cells are more resistant to post-hypertonic shock than rat’s cells.It has been established that the effect of amphiphiles on red blood cells of animals in post-hypertonic shock depends on temperature. At 37 °C the protective effect of the studied amphiphilic compounds was not detected. The performance of post-hypertonic shock of erythrocytes at 0 °C using both anionic sodium decyl sulfate and cationic chlorpromazine significantly reduces the level of post-hypertensive lysis of red blood cells of both species. At the same time, negatively charged sodium decyl sulfate exhibits higher anti-hemolytic activity for rabbit erythrocytes (70 %) versus the rat ones (56 %). Positively charged chlorpromazine is more effective for rat erythrocytes. The revealed protective effect of amphiphilic compounds during post-hypertonic shock of red blood cells at 0 °C is assumed to be related to the state of red blood cell membrane at low temperature. Under these conditions, the membrane components are less mobile and molecules of amphiphilic compounds, building-into the bilayer, can “fix” the microdefects formed during the dehydration stage and prevent against their increasing up to the hemolytic pore size at the rehydration stage.

Keywords: POST-HYPERTONIC SHOCK, RED BLOOD CELLS, AMPHIPHILIC COMPOUNDS, CHLOROPROMAZINE, SODIUM DECYL SULPHATE

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