UDC 574:58.632:59.636 http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/animbiol18.04.093
FORMATION OF MITES POPULATIONS IN POULTRY PRODUCTION
O. Tеrtychna
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Institute of agroecology and environmental management NAAS,
12 Metrologichna str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
The article shows that acarus is a biological agent that causes significant environmental problems affecting the development of poultry in general. The study of the environmental features of its formation is an actual problem of the modern industrial poultry production in conditions of its intensification. The aim of this work was to study the acarocoenosis in poultry farms with different methods of poultry keeping. The taxonomic composition of ectoparasites was identified in poultry farms located in the Central Forest-steppe area of Ukraine with the same soil and climatic conditions. After analysis of the taxonomic composition of mites in the industrial chicken population we revealed the following mite species: Dermanyssus gallinae, Tyrophagus farinae, Knemidocoptes mutans.
By the conventional scale, the very high level of mite population is in parent stocks (floor systems, 120 days) and lying hens (cage systems), a high level is in broilers at 45 days and medium level is in broilers up to 30 days. It has been found that total dominant ectoparasite of industrial poultry farms is the chicken mite D. gallinae. It is indicated that the number of mites depends on the age, technology method and birds’ utilisation period. The ectoparasites’ distribution occurs not only in poultry sheds but also outside of the poultry farms territory: in the waste area, on the border of the sanitary-protective zone. The biotopes also serve as the reservoirs of mite’s allocation which are spread by the wild birds and rodents. Therefore, following strict veterinary and biological security is considered as one of the most important aspect of mite spreading prevention. The complex of veterinary measures is an important component of ecologically safe poultry productions and is aimed to reduce the populations of ectoparasites. Ecological and epizootiological studies of the acarocenoses formation in the industrial poultry farming are an important component of the environmental assessment of the poultry farms impact on the environment.
Keywords: POULTRY, ENVIRONMENT, MITE POPULATION, TECHNOLOGY OF KEEPING, VALUE CONTAMINATION
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