Bìol. Tvarin, 2017, Volume 19, Issue 2, pp. 87–93
DYNAMICS OF BEES EXTINCTION UNDER CONDITION OF THEIR INVASION WITH DIFFERENT DOSES OF SPORES OF NOSEMA APIS AND NOSEMA CERANAE
H. V. Odnosum1, Т. М. Yefimenko2, N. М. Soroka1
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1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
16 Polkovnyka Potechina str., Kyiv 03041, Ukraine
2NSC “Institute of beekeeping named after P. I. Prokopovych”,
19 Akademika Zabolotnogo str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
The article presents the results of research on the influence of infection doses of the spores of microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (5×102–5×107 spores per bee) on the dynamic of withering away of the flying bees of the summer generation (7.07–17.09.2016), selected in the cages.
It was established that the rate of bee’s extinction is substantially determined by the dose of infection, and is far less — by the microsporidia species. Low doses of spores of both species of microsporidia till the 18th day of infection slow the extinction of the infected bees. Thus, in variants with low-dose infection bee’s mortality in variants with N. ceranae was slightly lower than in variants with N. apis. That is to say that N. ceranae towards to the honey bees is slightly less pathogenic than N. apis. In the variants with high doses of infection, we immediately observed the withering away of the infected bees by using N. apis as well as N. ceranae. Subsequently bee’s mortality in these variants almost equalized.
So, in the long-term experiment the doses of bee’s infection by the spores of both species of microsporidia, and N. apis and N. ceranae, do not effect on the bee’s mortality, however, they effect on the rate of their extinction, high invasive load — accelerating the natural extinction of bees, and the low — on the contrary, slow down. And this pattern is typical for both species of microsporidia. It is assumed that the number of N. apis generations before bee’s death conditioned by the dose of the pathogen and host energy reserves.
Keywords: NOSEMOSIS, HONEYBEES, SPORES, MICROSPORIDIA, NOSEMA APIS, NOSEMA CERANAE
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