The Animal Biology

EFFECT OF FAT CONTENT IN COWS DIET AND pH OF RUMEN ON RUMINAL FERMENTATION AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF MILK FAT

V. Hultyayeva¹, A. P. Petruk², V. V. Vlizlo¹

¹Institute of Animal Biology NAAS,
38 Stusa str., Lviv 79034, Ukraine

²Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies
named after S. Z. Gzhytsky,
50 Pekarska str., Lviv 79010, Ukraine

For the experiment four groups of Ukrainian black and white dairy cows with average milk yield 6000 kg per lactation were used with five animals in each group. The duration of the experiment was from the last month of pregnancy till the first month after calving. The 1^st and the 3^rd group received typical in nutrient balanced diet. In the diets of the 2^nd and 4^th group cows the amount of fat was increased by 30 % by replacing of soybean meal with full-fat soybeans at constant protein content. Additionally, diets of the 2^nd and the 4^th group cows were supplemented with 100 g of sodium bicarbonate, 50 g of calcium carbonate and 50 g of magnesium carbonate for regulating the pH of rumen contents.

Adding a buffer mixture decreases ammonia concentration by 15 % (P<0.05) and concentration of lactate by 20 % (P<0.01) in the rumen of cows fed with diet containing soybean meal. In the rumen of cows fed with diet containing soybeans and buffer the lactate concentration decreased by 18 % (P<0.05). Dietary supplement of buffer mixture led to increase of butyric acid content in milk of cows in 2^nd and 4^th groups and reduced 18:1, 18:2, 18:3 and 20:4 acids content in the milk (P<0,05–0,01) on the diet with soybean meal. Higher content of fat in the cows’ diet the parts of oleic (cis-9 18:1) and linoleic (cis-9,12 18:2) acids (P<0.05) in the milk increased. The buffer feed mixture reduced the proportion of these acids on both diets (P<0.05). Replacement of soybean meal with full-fat soybeans increased the total content of trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids in milk 1.7 times (P<0.001). Adding buffer mixture reduced these acids content (P<0.05). Feeding the buffer mixture reduced part of trans-10 but increased part of trans-11 isomer fatty acids in milk (P<0.05–0.001). The total cis-isomers unsaturated fatty acids content in milk cows of all groups differed insignificantly.

Keywords: COW, RUMEN, MILK, pH, FATTY ACIDS

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