The Animal Biology

INDICATORS OF NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY OF PIGLETS AT MIXED NEMATODE AND PROTOZOA INVASION

Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S. Z. Gzhytsky,
50 Pekarska str., Lviv 79010, Ukraine

The article is devoted to the study of the actual problem of influence of the swine lesion by the association of nematodes, the protozoa and mixed nematode and protozoa invasion on the indices of nonspecific immunity. For this purpose, the intact and nematodes affected by the association (ascaris + trichuruses + esophagosomes), protozoa (balantidium + isosporis + eimeria) and mixed nematode and protozoa invasion (ascaris + balantidium + eimeria) of piglets of 2–3 months old of large white breed were investigated.

It was determined that the presence in piglets’ organisms of the associations of intestinal parasites leads to decrease of the humoral protection indicators. In blood serum of animals, there was a significant decrease of the lysozyme and lymphocytic activity indicators compared to control group, as well as the growth of complementary activity at protozoa and mixed invasions. The bactericidal activity of serum in piglets was significantly lower in comparison with control group in all investigated invasions. Data are given on reduction of phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic number, phagocytic index and oxidative-reduction activity of neutrophil granulocytes in piglets at associated invasions.

On the basis of the obtained results it has been concluded that in the presence of the intestinal parasites in piglets organism there is a decrease of bactericidal, lysozyme, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic index and phagocytic number and growth of complementary activity. The probable reduction of bactericidal activity of neutrophils, as compared to control, is found in piglets infested with the protozoa (P<0.01), nematodes (P<0.05) and their association (P<0.01), and bactericidal, lysozyme, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and lysozyme and phagocytic activity of neutrophils — for the defeat of piglets by mixed protozoa (P<0.05) and nematode-protozoa invasion (P<0.01). The difference between the piglets complementary activity was probable compared with the control, for mixed protozoa and nematode-protozoa invasion, respectively, made up 8.7 % (P<0.05) and 9.6 % (P<0.01). The decrease in ill animals of phagocyte protection indicators, in comparison with the control group, indicates on the development of immunodeficiency, intoxication of the body, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic disorders, as well as the low degree of activation of oxygen-dependent mechanisms of killing of unactivated phagocytes and the development of chronic infectious process.

Keywords: PIGLETS, IMMUNITY, INVASION, PARASITES, PARASITOCENOSIS, LYMPHOCYTES, PHAGOCYTOSIS, KILLING

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