EFFECT OF CADMIUM AND CHROMIUM(VI) ON ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN BLOOD CELLS CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO L.)
T. V. Bagday1, V. V. Snitinsky1, H. L. Antonyak2, N. P. Oleksiuk3
1Lviv National Agrarian University, Vladimir the Great Str., 1, Dubliany, Lviv region, 80381, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
2Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Saksaghanskogho Str., 1, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
3Institute of animal biology NAAS, Stus Str., 38, Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
The results of study of the effects of cadmium and chromium(VI) on the indices of antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in blood cells of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) are presented in the article. Experiments were performed on 2-year old fishes, which after the catching from natural pond were kept in aquaria under standard laboratory conditions. After a period of acclimization the fishes of studied groups were kept in the presence of CdCl2 and K2Cr2O7. The contents of mentioned salts in water were based on the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of cadmium and chromium: 1 MPC, 2 MPC and 5 MPC. Experiment lasted 7 days. The activities of enzymes of antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes as well as concentration of the products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in blood plasma of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were analysed.
The results of study indicate that cadmium and chromium(VI), which enter the animal cells in the forms of Cd2+ and Cr2O72-, respectively, stimulate the process of lipid peroxidation in organism of carp and significantly affect the activity of antioxidant system in erythrocytes. The effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation (LPO) was more evident than that of chromium(VI), since even when the content of cadmium in water reached 1 MPC an increase in the concentration of TBA-reactive products in the blood plasma of fish was observed. In the presence of cadmium and chromium(VI) at 2–5 MPC an increase of LPO products in plasma was accompanied by activation of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes of carp. However, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were inhibited, and concentration of GSH in red blood cells decreased under these conditions. These data indicate that under conditions of inhibitory action of cadmium and chromium(VI) on glutathione system an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities is important factor of antioxidant defense in erythrocytes, protecting the cells of fish from the influence of heavy metals.
Keywords: CADMIUM, CHROMIUM(VI), ERYTHROCYTES, CARP, CYPRINUS CARPIO, LIPID PEROXIDATION, ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, CATALASE, GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE, GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE, GLUTATHIONE
