COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRST-CALF COWS PRODUCTIVITY OF MODERN DAIRY BREEDS UNDER THE CONDITION OF ONE FARM
М. Pelekhaty, L. Piddubna, A. Kochuk-Yashchenko, D. Kucher
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Zhytomyr national agroecological university,
7 Old Bulvar str., Zhytomyr 10008, Ukraine
The paper deals with the results of comparative analysis of using first-calf cows of Holstein, Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White dairy breeds of private agricultural company “Yerchyky” in Popilnyansky district, Zhytomyr region. The results of our research work indicate that Holstein cows of this farm, which were obtained by reproductive crossing, surpassed those of the same age cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White dairy breeds in milk productivity, especially in quantitative traits. This proves the effectiveness and expediency of further holsteinisation of dairy cattle if will be provided good growing of remount heifers, scientific and reasonable feeding of dairy herd. It has been established that increasing the share of heredity of Holstein breed, until getting high blood and purebred Holstein (over 93.7 %) practically does not make worst the reproductive capacity of animals, because all first-calf cows are characterized by almost the same reproductive capacity index.
The proportion of breed belonging in the total variability of traits varied within 0.34–12.6 %, but rates of milk production due to waste belonging average of 7 %, the parameters of reproductive capacity — 0.8 % according to conducted analysis of variance. Breeding makes the reliable effects on variability of such traits of milk productivity as milk yield at 305 days of lactation, the amount of milk fat and milk protein, relative milk production, milk fat and protein. Significant impact of breed belonging on reproductive capacity was not observed and in all times it was unreliable. The paper proves that from the economic point of view the animals breedings of Holstein is the most effective for milk yielding under the conditions of Yerchyky, which have twice bigger level of profitability than cows of Ukrainian dairy breeds.
Keywords: HOLSTEIN, UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE AND RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREEDS, MILK PRODUCTIVITY, REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY, THE IMPACT, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
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