Download full text in PDF

Bìol. Tvarin. 2023; 25 (1): 46–53.
https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.01.046
Received 08.11.2022 ▪ Revision 17.01.2022 ▪ Accepted 24.03.2023 ▪ Published online 31.03.2023

---

Biological features of meat productivity formation in sheep

P. V. Stapay¹, О. S. Tiutiunnyk², N. P. Stakhiv¹, N. I. Pakholkiv¹

This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

¹Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine
²Kamianets-Podіlskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, 61 Ivan Ogiienko str., Kamianets-Podilskyi, Khmelnytsky region, 32300, Ukraine

---

The data from literature and our own research on the chemical and biochemical composition of muscle tissue, its biological functions and nutritional value are summarized in the article. The data on the chemical composition and nutritional value of meat of different animal species, including beef, veal, pork and lamb are generalized. It is shown that sheep meat is characterized by nutritional, taste and dietary properties. In terms of biological value, it is not inferior to beef and pork, and even superior in other respects. For example, lamb contains the same amount of protein and amino acids as beef and pork, and it contains more fat than beef, which makes it higher in calories. Lamb is a good source of vitamins and minerals (Calcium, Phosphorus, and Іron), and its content of Copper and Zinc is significantly higher than that of other meats. On the global market, lamb is valued higher than other types of meat. Carcasses of young lambs weighing 13–16 kg are in particularly high demand. The dietary value of young lamb is due to its protein composition, high content of vitamins A and E and group B, lipids, in particular phospholipids. However, although sheep meat is characterized by high nutritional and biological properties, its disadvantage is a significant content of saturated fatty acids, which is associated with the processes of rumen biohydrogenation. Thus, the problem of increasing the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lamb is extremely important for human health. With this aim, various biologically active additives are widely used in animal feeding, which can directly or indirectly increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their products. In particular, antioxidants are widely used to prevent double bond peroxidation and there by increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in products. Rearing and fattening lambs is biologically feasible and economically profitable until they reach a live weight of 40–50 kg, as during this period the growth of muscle tissue is the largest compared to fat deposition, and feed consumption is the lowest.

Key words: sheep, meet productivity, biochemical composition, biological value, feeding, breed, crossing

1. ---

   Aurousseau B, Bauchart D, Faure X, Galot AL, Prache S, Micol D, Priolo A. Indoor fattening of lambs raised on pasture: (1) Influence of staff finishing duration on lipid classes and fat acids in the longissimus thoracis Meat Sci. 2007; 76 (2): 241–252. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.11.005.
2. Belury MA. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid in health: Physiological effects and mechanisms of action. Rev. Nutr. 2002; 22: 505–531. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.021302.121842.
3. Bilash YP, Didovych AP, Vudmaska IV, Golubets OV. Fatty acid composition lipids of skeletal muscle fedding steers with different levels of vitamin E and selenium in the diet. Bìol. Tvarin. 2013; 15 (1): 19–27. Available at: https://aminbiol.com.ua/index.php/archive/90-archive/bt1-15-2013/1592 (in Ukrainian)
4. Bilash YP, Golubets OV, Tsisaryk OY, Vudmaska IV. Effects of selenium and vitamin E on unsaturated fatty acids hydrogenation in the rumen of fattening cattle. Bìol. Tvarin. 2011; 13 (1–2): 187–192. Available at: https://aminbiol.com.ua/iphp/archive?catid=1:2013-02-15-09-09-13&id=36:2013-03-05-14-00-54 (in Ukrainian)
5. Bohdanov GA. Feeding Farm Animals. Moscow, Ahropromyzdat. 1990: 623 p.
6. Boisen S, Hvelplund T, Weisbjerg MR. Ideal amino acid profiles as a basis for feed protein evaluation. Livestock Prod. Sci. 2000; 64 (2–3): 239–251. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00146-3.
7. Bomko VS. The effect of different levels of protein nutrition on the digestibility of nutrients and the use of nitrogen in forage by cows in the dry period. Bull. LNUVMBT S. Z. Gzhytsky. 2002; 4 (2): 3–7. (in Ukrainian)
8. Bonagurio S, Pérez SRO, Garcia IFF, dos Santos CL, Lima AL. Meat centesimal composition of purebred Santa Ines lambs and its crosses with Texel, slaughtered at different weights. Brasil. Zootecnia. 2004; 33 (6/3): 2387–2393. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982004000900027. (in Portuguese)
9. Burkat VP. Sheep Breeding of UKRAINE. The Agricultural Science. 2006: 612 p. (in Ukrainian)
10. Costa RG, Batista ASM, de Azevedo PS, do Egypto Queiroga RCE, Madruga MS, de Araújo Filho JT. Lipid profile of lamb meat from different genotypes submitted to diets with different energy levels. R. Bras. Zootec. 2009; 38 (3): 532–538. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982009000300019.
11. Corl BA, Baumgard LH, Dwyer DA, Griinari JM, Phillips BS, Bauman DE. The role of ∆⁹-disaturase in the production of cis-9, trans-11 CLA. Nutr. Biochem. 2001; 12 (11): 622–630. DOI: 10.1016/S0955-2863(01)00180-2.
12. Cristaldi LA, McDowell LR, Buergelt CD, Davis PA, Wilkinson NS, Martin FG. Tolerance of inorganic selenium in wether sheep. Small Rum. Res. 2005; 56 (1–3): 205–213. DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.06.001.
13. Daley CA, Abbott A, Doyle PS, Nader GA, Larson S. A review of fatty acid profiles and antioxidant content in grass-fed and grain-fed beef. J. 2010; 9 (10). DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-10.
14. Danylenko GK, Topikha IN, Kulyk VV. Sheep Breeding. Kyiv, Urozhay, 1989: 200 p. (in Ukrainian)
15. Gerasymenko VG. Biochemistry of Animal Productivity and Resistance. Kyiv, Vyshcha shkola, 1987: 224 p. (in Ukrainian)
16. Gonskyi YI, Maksymchuk TP, Kalynskyi MI. Human Biochemistry. Ternopil, Ukrmedknyga, 2002: 744 p. (in Ukrainian)
17. Gratylo OD, Zharuk LV, Smenov VF, Smenova GS, Myrza OV. Economic evaluation of feed production efficiency and their impact on the formation of expenses in sheep breeding. Bull. Askania-Nova. 2010; 3: 41–48. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/nvan_2010_3_9 (in Ukrainian)
18. Havrylyak VV, Stapay PV, Tkachuk VM. The content and composition of the longissimus muscle proteins in the lambs of different ages under the intensive fattening. Bull. LNUVMBT S. Z. Gzhytsky. 2018; 20 (89): 52–55. DOI: 10.32718/nvlvet8909. (in Ukrainian)
19. Havrylyak VV, Sydir NP, Paranyak NM, Druzhyna OS, Stapay PV. Protein and lipid composition of the longest back muscle of young sheep under conditions of use of lysine, methionine and sodium sulfate amino acid supplements in their diets. Zooeng. Vet. Med. Digest Sci. Works. 2014; 28 (1): 108–114. (in Ukrainian)
20. Kebko V. Raising dairy calves using a lysinoprotein-mineral premix. Livestock Ukr. 2002; 4: 25–28. (in Ukrainian)
21. Kozmiluk K, Gabryszuk M, Kowalczyk J, Crauderna M. Effect of diet supplementation with selenium, zinc and α-tocopherol on fatty acid composition in the liver and loin muscle of lambs. Sci. Pap. Rep. 2008; 26 (1): 59–70. (in Ukrainian)
22. Kozyr VS. Biological Patterns of Growth and Development of Agricultural Animals. A reference guide. Dnipropetrovsk, Oksamyt, 2004: 540 p. (in Ukrainian)
23. Kuyan N. The state of the compound feed industry in plants. Effective Fodders Feeding. 2011; 4: 5–10. (in Ukrainian)
24. Liu ZL, Yang DP, Chen P, Dong WX, Wang DM. Supplementation with selenium and vitamin E improves milk fat depression and fatty acid composition in dairy cows feat fat diet. Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 2008; 89 (2): 685–692.
25. Madruga MS, de Araújo MO, de Sousa WH, Cézar MF, Galvão MS; MGG Cunha MS. Effect of genotype and sex on chemical composition and fatty acid profile of sheep meat. Brasil. Zootecn. 2006; 35 (4): 1838–1844. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982006000600035. (in Portuguese)
26. Meshkhi AI. Biochemistry of Meat and Poultry Products. Moscow, Light and food industry, 1984: 280 p.
27. Palmquist DL, Mattos WRS. The lipid metabolism. In: Berchielli TT, Pires AV, Oliveira SG. Nutrition of Ruminants Jaboticabel, Funep, 2006: 287–310. (in Portuguese)
28. Petrychko A, Osadets Y, Vintonyak V, Zhupanin P. Peculiarities of metabolic processes in the rumen of steers with different sources of digestible protein supplementation. Livestock Ukr. 2002; 7: 26–27. (in Ukrainian)
29. Rennie MJ, Edwards RHT, Davies CTM, Krywawych S, Halliday D, WATERLOW JC, Millward DJ. Protein and amino acid turnnover during and after exercise. Soc. Trans. 1980; 8 (5): 499–501. DOI: 10.1042/bst0080499.
30. Schmid A, Collomb M, Sieber R, Bee G. Conjugated linoleic acid in meat and meat products: A review. Meat Sci. 2006; 73 (1): 29–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.10.010.
31. Serbina VO. To the question about the constitution of animals. Sheep breeding. Nova Kakhovka, PYEL, 2007; 34: 41–45. (in Ukrainian)
32. Sevastyanov A, Kirovych N, Belenko V. Composition of the longest back muscle in calves of different origin. Livestock Ukr. 2009; 4: 19–21. (in Ukrainian)
33. Sinclaiz LL Nutritional manipulation of the fatty acid composition of sheep meat: A review. Agr. Sci. 2007; 145 (5): 419–434. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859607007186.
34. Siratsky MV, Fedorovych EI, Hopka BM. Interior of Farm Animals. Kyiv, Vyshcha osvita, 2009: 280 p. (in Ukrainian)
35. Skrypets VI, Demenska NM. Use of Celobacterin to increase the milk productivity of ewes. Sheep Breed. 2006; 33: 103–107. (in Ukrainian)
36. Sokrut VI, Sokrut AV, Gerasimov VI, В. Pron TN, Danilova TV, Donskikh TV. Pork and Its Morphological Composition. 2011: 245 p. (in Ukrainian)
37. Stapay PV, Havrylyak VV, Tkachuk VM. Protein nutrition of sheep. Effective Fodders Feeding. 2011; 2 (50): 24–29. (in Ukrainian)
38. Stapay PV, Paranyak NM, Havrylyak VV, Kochetov SV, Strogush NS, Iovenko VM, Serbina VO. Peculiarities of the lipid and protein composition of muscle tissue of sheep of the Tavrian type of the Askanian thin-wool breed of different constitutional types. Bull. Askania-Nova. 2010: 3: 152–156. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/nvan_2010_3_24 (in Ukrainian)
39. Stapay PV, Paranyak NM, Strogush NS, Kochetov SV, Polska PI, Kalashchuk HP, Atanovska-Maslyuk OI. Effect of low feeding level on productivity and chemical parameters of wool and fat sweat of Askanian meat-wool sheep. Bull. Askanya-Nova. 2010; 3: 122–129. Aailable at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/nvan_2010_3_20 (in Ukrainian)
40. Stapay PV, Paranyak NM, Tkachuk VM, Stakhiv NP. The content and composition of lipids of the longest back muscle in young sheep of different age under conditions of intensive fattening. Bìol. Tvarin. 2018; 20 (2): 71–76. DOI: 10.15407/animbiol20.02.071. (in Ukrainian)
41. Stapay PV, Stakhiv NP, Havrylyak VV, Smolyaninova OO, Tyutyunnyk OS. Lipid nutrition of sheep. Bìol. Tvarin. 2020; 22 (2): 3–7. DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.003. (in Ukrainian)
42. Stapay PV, Tkachuk VM, Sydir NP, Havrylyak VV, Paranyak NM, Skorokhid AV. Effect of amino acids lysine, methionine and sulfur on meat and wool productivity of young sheep. Zooeng. Vet. Med. Digest Sci. Works. 2014; 28 (1): 105–108. (in Ukrainian)
43. Staron RS, Pette D. Correlation between myofibrillar ATPase activity and myosin heavy chain composition in rabbit muscle fibers. Histochem. 1986; 86: 19–23. DOI: 10.1007/BF00492341.
44. Suharlyov VO, Yakrovlev KI. Sheep of Ukraine. A monograph. Ed. by. V. O. Sukharlyova. Kharkiv, Espada, 2011: 352 p. (in Ukrainian)
45. Svystula MM, Efremov DV, Horb SV. Scientific and Practical Basis of Standardized Feeding of Sheep and Feed Production. Kherson, OLDI-PLYUS, 2022: 300 p. (in Ukrainian)
46. Tarig MM, Eyduran E, Rafeeq M, Waheed A, Awan MA, Shafee M, Rasheed N, Mehmood K. Influence of slaughtering age on chemical composition of Mengali sheep meat at Quetta, Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool. 2013; 45 (1): 235–239. Available at: http://zsp.com.pk/pdf45/235-239%20_31_%20PJZ-1042-12%205-1-13%20final%20revised%20tariq%20m%20r.pdf
47. Velychko VO, Luz MV, Midyk VD. The content of amino acids in the body tissues of bulls in different ecological zones at the end of fattening period. Foothill Mount. Agricult. Livestock Breed. 2000; 42: 153–158. (in Ukrainian)
48. Wood JD, Enser M, Fisher AV, Nute GR, Sheard PR, Richardson RI, Hughes SI, Whittington FM. Fat deposition, fatty acid composition and meat quality: A review. Meat Sci. 2008; 78 (4): 343–358. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.07.019.
49. Yanovych VG, Sologub LI. Biological Basis of Feed Nutrients Transformation in Ruminants. Lviv, Triada plyus, 2000: 376 p. (in Ukrainian)
50. Zharuk LV, Shelest PS. Recommendations on the economic assessment of the energy intensity of livestock production. Askania-Nova. 2002: 25 p. (in Ukrainian)
51. Zubay GL, Parson WW, Vance AE. Principles of Biochemistry. Oxford, Wm. C. Brown publishers, 1995: 839 p.