EFFECT OF Chlorpyrifos ON GLUTATHIONE SYSTEM AND lipid peroxidation products CONTENT In various organs OF rats
Y. T. Salyha
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Institute of AnimalBiology, NAAS, V. Stus St., 38, Lviv 79034, Ukraine
Despite restrictions on use сhlorpyrifos is one of the most commonly used organophosphate pesticides in the world. Like the other organophosphates, сhlorpyrifos inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. But сhlorpyrifos toxicity is not limited to acetylcholinesterase inhibition alone but can act by other mechanisms. In particular the production of reactive oxygen species has been suggested as a possible toxic mechanism. While much is known about toxicity produced by acute сhlorpyrifos exposure, relatively there is not a great deal known about the means by which chronic exposure to this compound, particularly low concentrations of сhlorpyrifos, may adversely affect different animal and human organs and systems.
The aim of the study was to investigate some parameters of the glutathione system (content of reduced glutathione (GSH), the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and the content of lipid peroxidation products (TBA-active products and lipid hydroperoxides) in different tissue homogenates of rats under conditions their toxic damage caused by chlorpyrifos.
Experiments were conducted in male Wistar rats. All rats were housed according to standard animal care protocols and fed standard laboratory chow and tap water ad libitum. At the end of 1-month intoxication period of experimental animals by low concentrations of сhlorpyrifos they were decapitated under anaesthesia. After that kidney, lung, spleen, heart, liver and brain were immediately removed and werefrozen in liquid nitrogen to be used in subsequent biochemical studies.
The obtained results generally confirm the impact of chlorpyrifos on the antioxidant system. Revealed changes of the studied parameters indicate active participation of glutathione system in the detoxification processes in chronic poisoning with chlorpyrifos and simultaneous activation of lipid peroxidation processes. It is established decrease of glutathione peroxidase activity in chronic chlorpyrifos intoxication that most felt was observed in liver and kidney tissues. Less pronounced toxic effect of investigated organophosphorus compounds was showed on glutathione reductase activity. Significant decrease of reduced glutathione was observed only in homogenates of liver tissue in experimental groups of animals. Concerning the lipid peroxidation products — the results indicate their significant growth in tissues of the liver, brain, kidneys and heart in rats intoxicated by chlorpyrifos.
Keywords: chlorpyrifos, antioxidant system, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione reduced, lipid peroxidation products, toxicity, rats
