CHANGES IN MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN PIGLETS OF THE FIRST MONTH OF LIVES
I. I. Panikar 1, C. A. Nichik 2
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1Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 1/3, Skovorody St.,Poltava, 36003,Ukraine
2 Institute of Veterinary Medicine NAAS, 30, Donetska St., Kiev, 03040, Ukraine
The paper is concerned with the research of morphological parameters dynamics of peripheral blood in piglets of Large White breed, where quantitative changes of erythrocytic blood composition are recorded during the first month of life. Changes in blood cell factors in piglets of the first month of life reflect organism adaptation processes to external factors of antigenic influence. The first week of life is critical for adaptation, when the antigenic load activates nonspecific immunity factors: increasing the number of phagocytes — monocytes and neutrophils. In the sequel, neutrophils and lymphocytes ratio typical for elder age of piglets regenerates gradually. Partial reducing hemoglobin and erythrocytes amount gradually regenerates and the ESR change correlates with increasing globulins amount in blood.
Reducing amount of both hemoglobin and erythrocytes in the suckling period is physiological phenomenon, but worsening piglets keeping can change this phenomenon and the subsequent development of certain pathological processes. The maximum content of hemoglobin in newborn piglets was registered in the first days of life. During the first five days, erythrocytes amount in the bloodstream is reduced by 22.8 %. In the first days of life, neutrophils amount predominates over the number of lymphocytes on 2.7 times. The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes in piglets at the age of 29 days is 1: 1.14. The ratio of stab neutrophils to segmental leukocyte in animals in the first hours of life is 1:18; at the age of 14 days — 1:4; at the age of 29 days — 1:5. During the first month of life, there is a gradual increasing (by 4 times) the amount of monocytes.
The data indicate adaptation processes of a newborn body to the effects of harmful environmental factors, which are critical after birth in the first week of life. It should be considered in planning preventive vaccination of young animals on a farm.
Keywords: PIGS, MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, PERIPHERAL BLOOD, ADAPTATION, HEMOGLOBIN, ERYTHROCYTES, SUCKLING PERIOD, IMMUNITY FACTORS
