Bìol. Tvarin, 2016, Volume 18, Issue 2, pp. 80–87
http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/animbiol18.02.080
CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOLOGY OF CARDIOMYOPATHY IN DOMESTIC CATS: CLINICAL CASE OF INTERMEDIATE FORMS OF CARDIOMYOPATHY
V. N. Plysiuk1,2, M. I. Tsvilikhovski1
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1NationalUniversity of Life andEnvironmental Sciences of Ukraine,
15 Heroiv Oborony str., Kyiv 03041, Ukraine
2Network veterinary clinics VC «Alden-Vet»,
34 M. Malinowski str., 10А V. Lobanovsky pr., Kyiv, Ukraine
The article presents the current view on the classification and causes of cardiomyopathy in cats. Currently, a large number of cases of clinical manifestation of cardiomyopathy can not be displayed in existing classification. If carefully considered by the division of cardiomyopathies etiological factor, they are divided into primary (idiopathic) and secondary (etiological factor set).
The primary cardiomyopathies are: hypertrophic (asymmetric and symmetric, obstructive and nonobstructive), dilated (or stagnant), restrictive (obliterans and diffuse) and intermediate. The secondary cardiomyopathies include: metabolic (endocrine, nutritional origin); infiltrative (neoplastic processes); inflammatory (immunomediated, coronaviral infection, immunodeficient virus); fibrous (postinfectious); toxic (application doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide); other (chronic renal failure, trauma, heart attack).
Cardiomyopathies in cats may show one or more of the grounds which can be used to divide them into different forms. In such cases, one can observe the intermediate phase of the disease, the development of which leads to the final phase of myocardial damage which is easier to subject classification.
In many cases, at the first survey of cats with suspected cardiomyopathy echocardiography method can not immediately classify intermediate or another form of cardiomyopathy. It is necessary to hold 2–3 and sometimes more ultrasound examinations of the heart with an interval 4–6 months and apply clinical and laboratory diagnostic techniques of cats with suspected cardiomyopathy to exclude the presence of secondary forms of cardiomyopathy.
Unfortunately, each classification schemes are incomplete and some cases may be undetected cardiomyopathy, and others will be difficult to attribute to a specific form. Although these forms of cardiomyopathey have no clearly defined boundaries, divide them into hypertrophic, restrictive and dilated is clinically significant.
Keywords:MYOCARDIUM, CARDIOMYOPATHY, ETIOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
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