Bìol. Tvarin, 2017, Volume 19, Issue 1, pp. 111–118
GENE POLYMORPHISM OF ECONOMICALLY-USEFUL TRAITS IN UKRAINIAN GRAY CATTLE BREED
T. Suprovich1, N. Mokhnachova2
kokas2008@ukr.net, nm82@i.ua
1State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podillya,
13 T. Shevchenko str., Kamyanets-Podilsky 32316, Ukraine
2The institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS,
1 Pogrebnyak str., Chubynske village, Boryspil district, Kyiv region, 08321, Ukraine
For recent years the disappearance of many species of living beings, including the populations of farm animals is observed. Most of them are local (native) species. Humanity is gradually losing unique gene pool of domestic animals that have a number of economically useful traits. Therefore, the problem of preserving one of the oldest local species — the grey Ukrainian breed is particularly relevant. It is important to study the issue of grey cattle complex of genetic factors that cause the phenotype of unique features, especially the ability to use this breed in the selection of securities for the economically useful traits.
Two populations of grey Ukrainian cattle breeds for QTL-markers that cause milk production and quality of meat have been investigated. Blood samples at 84 cows from the farm “Markeyevo” (herd no.1) and 40 cattle farms “Polyvanivka” (herd no. 2) have been used. The spectrum of alleles of genes of growth hormone (GH), beta-lactoglobulin (βLG), kappa-casein (CSN3), thyroglobulin (TG5) and сalpayn (CAPN) was studied using PCR-RFLP.
The study of genetic polymorphisms of genes of two populations of Ukrainian grey breed shows that gene of kappa-casein has prevalence of genotype AB (0.476), while the opposite distribution of frequencies has alleles A and B. For alleles, gene thyroglobulin is observed a similar distribution of C and T. The prevalence of genotype CT (0.571) in animals of herd no. 1 and excess of homozygotes in cows of herd no. 2 is found. For gene calpain in the herd no. 1 all the animals were carriers of genotype homozygous for the allele G (1.0). However, in the allelic spectrum of animals of herd no. 2 allele A (0.663) and its homozygous genotype dominated.
For animals from the farm “Markeyevo” genetic spectrum alleles of genes βLG and GH is defined. For gene beta-lactoglobulin a significant prevalence of allele B is found, which appears 3 times more than the A allele that causes very high frequency manifestation of the genotype BB (0.512). For growth hormone gene we revealed a significant prevalence of genotype LL (0.964) and, accordingly, allele L (0.982), and the lack of genotype VV.
Keywords: COWS, ECONOMIC-USEFUL SIGNS, ALLELES, MOLECULAR GENETIC MARKERS, POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION-RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM
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